When I first considered working in real estate, I pictured the excitement of closing deals and helping families find their dream homes. What I didn’t realize was how structured the process is behind the scenes. Learning how to become a real estate agent means understanding your state’s licensing requirements, completing coursework, passing exams, and joining the right brokerage to get your career off the ground.
If you’ve ever wondered where to start—or whether this path fits your goals—this guide walks you through each stage of becoming a real estate professional in the U.S., from eligibility to joining a brokerage and beyond.
Step 1: Meet the Basic Eligibility Requirements
Before you can sell a single home, you’ll need to meet your state’s minimum qualifications. Each state sets its own rules, but most share similar criteria.
Generally, you must be at least 18 years old, though a few states—like Alabama, Alaska, and Nebraska—require you to be 19. You’ll also need to be a U.S. citizen or lawful resident, hold a high school diploma or GED, and pass a background check that may include fingerprinting and disclosure of any prior convictions.
These checks ensure public trust and professional integrity—key qualities in an industry that deals with people’s largest financial investments.
Step 2: Complete Your Pre-Licensing Education
Education is your first big step toward earning that license. Every state requires a specific number of pre-licensing hours from an accredited real estate school.
For example, California requires 135 hours, while Florida requires 63 hours. You can choose between online or in-person courses offered by real estate schools, community colleges, or universities.
During your classes, you’ll cover the fundamentals of property law, contracts, financing, ethics, and real estate principles. This coursework builds your foundation and prepares you for the state exam ahead.
Step 3: Pass Your State Licensing Exam
Once you’ve completed your required coursework, it’s time to demonstrate your knowledge. The real estate licensing exam typically has two sections—one focused on national real estate principles and another tailored to state-specific laws and regulations.
Exams are often administered through testing providers such as Pearson VUE or PSI, either at designated testing centers or online in some states. Most tests are multiple-choice and computer-based.
You’ll pay a testing fee (usually between $60 and $100) and must achieve a minimum passing score set by your state. Many first-time test-takers don’t pass on their first attempt, so practice exams and prep courses are well worth the investment. Once you pass, you can apply for your real estate license with your state’s regulatory agency.
Step 4: Join a Licensed Real Estate Brokerage
Passing the exam is a milestone, but you’re not quite ready to work solo yet. Every new real estate agent must work under the supervision of a licensed real estate broker.
Your broker acts as both a mentor and a compliance partner. They review contracts, oversee transactions, and guide you through the early stages of your career. When choosing a brokerage, consider:
- Training programs and mentorship opportunities
- Commission structures and fees
- Company reputation and culture
- Marketing and lead generation support
Once you’ve selected a broker, they’ll help you submit your final paperwork to the state to officially activate your license. Only then can you start legally representing buyers and sellers.
Step 5: Consider Becoming a REALTOR®
At this stage, you’re a licensed agent—but if you want to go further, consider becoming a REALTOR®.
A REALTOR® is a member of the National Association of REALTORS® (NAR), which holds its members to a strict Code of Ethics. Joining NAR not only enhances your credibility but also gives you access to valuable resources, continuing education, and nationwide networking opportunities.
To join, you’ll apply through your local REALTOR® association and pay membership dues. While it’s not required by law, the REALTOR® title carries weight with clients who value professionalism and accountability.
Step 6: Build a Successful Real Estate Career
Becoming licensed is just the start of your journey. The most successful agents treat real estate as a business—not just a job.
Start by mastering your local market: study neighborhoods, average prices, and buyer trends. Use tools like MLS databases, social media marketing, and client relationship management (CRM) systems to stay competitive.
Consider finding a mentor or joining a team to gain experience faster. Stay consistent with continuing education (CE)—most states require renewal courses every few years to maintain your license.
And perhaps most importantly, plan your finances wisely. The first few months might be slow as you build your client base, but persistence pays off in this industry.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. How long does it take to become a real estate agent?
It usually takes between four to six months to complete all the requirements—depending on your state’s education hours and how quickly you pass your exam. Some complete the process faster if they study full-time.
2. How much does it cost to get a real estate license?
Costs vary by location but typically range from $400 to $1,000 total. This includes pre-licensing courses, exam fees, background checks, and application costs. You’ll also pay for association dues and marketing expenses once you start working.
3. Can I work as a real estate agent part-time?
Yes. Many people begin part-time while transitioning from another career. However, consistent availability helps build momentum and trust with clients faster.
4. What’s the difference between a real estate agent and a broker?
A broker has additional education and licensing that allows them to operate their own firm and supervise agents. A real estate agent must work under a broker’s supervision.
Building Your Future in Real Estate
So, what does it really take to succeed after learning how to become a real estate agent? It’s more than passing exams—it’s about cultivating persistence, trust, and genuine interest in helping people.
Real estate can be demanding, but it’s also one of the few careers where your effort directly shapes your income and growth. If you’re ready to commit to education, ethics, and excellent client service, this industry can offer a long and fulfilling future.
Whether you dream of selling homes in your neighborhood or managing million-dollar listings downtown, your journey starts with one step: earning your license and joining a brokerage that helps you thrive.
Becoming a real estate agent in the U.S. means following a clear roadmap—meeting state requirements, completing pre-licensing education, passing exams, and aligning with a broker who supports your goals. With discipline and enthusiasm, you can build a career that’s both financially rewarding and personally fulfilling.
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